God and The Common Good Approach : Allowing Evil to Demonstrate Empathy

At the point when one ganders at the monstrosities on the planet today and the model utilized by Johnson of the blameless baby consumed in a structure, a typical response is compassion and compassion. In the event that Johnson demands seeing God as a human and stating that an individual would not permit such monstrosity, at that point it is valuable to see approaches taken by moral, moral entertainers on the planet today. Taking a gander at the Common-Good methodology, we may affirm that with the goal for us to have characteristics, for example, sympathy, empathy, and other redeemable attributes, we should have circumstances in our lives that bring out these qualities.Without torment and enduring, there is no requirement for these positive attributes, hence, the contention that God isn't acceptable doesn't have any significant bearing. His position is to guarantee that men can turn out to be acceptable willingly. Johnson would contend this methodology likens to permitting men to get detestable on their own unrestrained choice, too. Be that as it may, this is the embodiment of through and through freedom and of the Common-Good methodology, we should have the option to see both great and malice to conclude how to best accomplish a general public that can battle this certainty of free will.Therefore, God can be taken a gander at as human, at that point human ways to deal with morals and the benefit of everyone must be used, so under the Common Good methodology, God is acceptable. The Common Good methodology basically manages a thought that singular great is compared and guaranteed with open great and that individual, decent attributes ought to be shared as a network in a sound manner. Along these lines, goodness, isn't acceptable on the off chance that it isn't shared.To apply this to balance Johnson’s contention, it tends to be stated, at that point, that so as to perceive great to share it, we should likewise have the option to perceive awful or â€Å"ev il†, so as to realize how to counter it in a universe of through and through freedom. â€Å"Appeals to the benefit of all urge us to see ourselves as individuals from a similar network, pondering expansive inquiries concerning the sort of society we need to become and how we are to accomplish that society† (Velasquez, et al, 1996, 2).Johnson’s contention to this would be that similarly as there is an envisioned God that advances great in the activities of man regarding through and through freedom, there could without much of a stretch be an underhanded God that does the inverse. â€Å"For model, we could state that God is shrewd and that he permits choice with the goal that we can openly do underhanded things, which would make us more genuinely abhorrent than we would be whenever compelled to perform malicious acts† (Johnson, 1983, 88). This contention against through and through freedom doesn't praise Johnson’s request that we take a gander at God as a human being.Just as social orders and gatherings endeavor to improve networks, there are gatherings, who scheme to carry out fiendishness things and conflict with the benefit of everyone. On the off chance that God is just human, at that point God can dare to dream that others will decided not to do underhanded with their through and through freedom. Taking everything into account, Johnson is imperfect in taking a gander at God as though God is human, at that point connecting brutal attributes or superhuman qualities to activity or inaction. In the event that God is made of human characteristics, at that point there will be blemishes in even God’s own self and design.But, with the request of Johnson to guarantee God as human, at that point we can just gander at moral human drew nearer to great and fiendishness. We can be confident that with the Common Good methodology that ethical entertainers will make the wisest decision with the possibility that God would act in this equivalent way. References Johnson, B. C. â€Å"The Problem of God and Evil† in The Atheist Debater’s Handbook. (1983). Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books. 99-108. republish. Velasquez, M. , Andre, C. , Shanks, T, Meyer, S. J. and Meyer M. â€Å"Thinking Ethically: A Framework for Moral Decision Making† in Issues in Ethics (Winter, 1996). 2-5.

Ethics in a Universalist Society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Morals in a Universalist Society - Essay Example Furthermore, moral Universalists hold that once a specific conduct or direct apparently is off-base in a specific network or condition, a similar will apply to different networks and situations paying little mind to conditions in those conditions. As indicated by Gert, the hypothesis of good universalism has been of extraordinary substance in assurance of worldwide human rights and certain laws administering moral direct. For example, the United Nations while in Geneva Convention of 1948 settled upon the requirements for reasonable treatment of war detainees. Moral universalism directs that individuals have certain unique rights whose penetrating meets all requirements for shamelessness (Gert). Moral universalism works under the idea that ethical appraisal of people and their behaviors of social administration should base on fundamental principles that not at all oppress others in the general public. Moral Universalists further contend that opportunity to practice self-wants and will s comprise the essential components of ethical quality in the social orders. Heroes of good universalism demand that any ethically off-base conduct or achievement of by an individual is consistently inside that person’s control and authority figuratively speaking before the achievement. Immanuel Kant and hypothesis of Moral Universalism Kant examines that widespread good prerequisites base on the standard soundness known as the all out objective (CI). Kant characterizes impropriety as any conditional infringement of straight out objective and in this manner meets all requirements to be nonsensical. Kant introduction of good universalism plans to affect specific feeling of sense of pride and regard to the next people. As indicated by Johnson, an ethical individual has the privilege to settle on reasonable decisions and choices that don't contaminate anyone’s opportunity inside the encompassing. The ethical judgment showed up at by an individual ought to be what any ethi cally rational, calm, ordinary and sensible grown-up will deliberate with. Kant further contends that ethical universalism with balanced wills familiarizes people with self-governance. Kant contends that so as to accomplish moral mental stability in our condition, the balanced virtues ought to be resolved first before some other endeavor. Kant’s hypothesis of good universalism directs that advancement of fitting moral qualities lies on the fundamental elements of investigation of ideas like altruism, commitment and consistent connection. Kant’s hypothesis of good universalism has been utilized to explore practices of people in accordance with moral prerequisites (Johnson). The positive attitude segment of ethical quality that relies on the presence of mind of an individual helps specific people in settling on practical good choice that are in congruity with the laws of profound quality. The possibility of cooperative attitude in the Kant’s hypothesis of good uni versalism drives individuals into playing out their precise extraordinary good obligations and duties without pointless break of other peoples’ respect. The possibility of positive attitude has been utilized by numerous characters in executing their accurate fundamental and upright obligations without thinking about other outside components. The possibility of practical has been rehashed in the social orders with essential remain of sustaining harmony and amicable conjunction among people living in the

Jane Elliot †A Class Divided

Jane Elliot †A Class Divided Foundation Discrimination has taken numerous definitions throughout the years. Anyway it can fundamentally be said to be a portrayal of biased treatment to an individual for enrollment in a given classification or gathering. The relationship exists between one gathering to another and the genuine way in which they treat each other.Advertising We will compose a custom paper test on Jane Elliot †A Class Divided explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More It for the most part includes limitation disavowal and retaining of chances or access to such chances to a person of a specific classification. Such particular treatment need not cause mischief to be segregation. It is sufficient to give more terrible treatment to a person over another for some relevant discretionary explanation. Contention In 1968, Riceville, Iowa instructor, Jane Elliot, viewed with sickening dread as Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. was killed. She was extraordinarily worried at how separation was being e xecuted in the public eye with sheer obliviousness of the harm and torment it was causing to the segregated individuals. With sights set on passing the message against segregation to her third grade understudies she endeavored to give an exercise to sharpen the class on the impact of the bad habit. Anyway this was a pointless activity since like their folks and the general public around them they didn't comprehend or have a vibe of what separation was. Actually a portion of the youngsters just observed dark individuals on the TV. The theme as in this way talked about softly and with obliviousness. She along these lines utilized a down to earth case of segregation wherein she isolated the class into two gatherings. The principal bunch was comprised of youngsters with blue eyes while the other was made of kids with earthy colored eyes. She at that point continued to applaud the gathering of kids with blue eyes as against those with earthy colored eyes. The kids were made to accept tha t the kids with blue eyes were progressively unrivaled and were increasingly canny and in this manner had the right to be dealt with better. The kids with blue eyes were given preferences and benefits over their earthy colored looked at companions, for example, additional time during breaks and more instructor consideration. They were likewise cautioned against cooperating with their individual earthy colored peered toward cohorts and they were not to play with them. The earthy colored peered toward understudies were likewise made to wear blue scarf’s that would be utilized to recognize and recognize them from other youngsters. On the subsequent day, the blue peered toward youngsters went ahead and were made to wear the scarfs. Jane Elliot changed the attitude to depict the blue peered toward understudies as apathetic and inconsiderate. They were additionally made to endure lesser benefits, for example, not going to play just as a solitary portion of lunch instead of going fo r a second offer for the individuals who were not fulfilled. The earthy colored peered toward understudies were additionally given more instructor consideration and gotten progressively salutary comments structure their educator rather than their blue peered toward classmatesAdvertising Looking for exposition on training? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The reaction toward the finish of the multi day practice was invigorating. The viability of this technique in conveying information and influencing the learning procedure was awesome. The youngsters deliberately censured the bad habit of separation and gave their vibe of the movement. The feeling of detainment mistreatment and isolation was profoundly felt by the understudies who when solicited to arrange from the blue scarf’s that were utilized to recognize the youngsters who were of an alternate gathering decide to destroy them. This fascinating and forceful feeling of regret shows how profound separation goes in culpable the individual or individual. The experience as investigated by the understudies fourteen years after the fact was an absolute achievement in establishing and inserting the standards and qualities against segregation. A large portion of the understudies grew up to uphold the tenets and lesson of the relationship against segregation to their spouses kids companions and individual citizenry. They got bolder at declaring their remain against separation. Training strategy utilized Jane Elliot utilized a marriage among community and participatory educating techniques. She permitted the understudies to encourage her showing procedure while all the while permitting them to instruct and gain from one another. Certainly other showing techniques, for example, addressing and clarifying would have had little accomplishment at getting to the youthful psyche not to mention set the information in the midst of the cultural way to deal with t he issue. The strategy makes an intuitive joint effort between the instructor and the understudy permitting the class to be progressively handy and sensible. This runs contrary to the natural order of things of most instruction frameworks and strategies in the contemporary instructing guise that are progressively slanted towards an informative strategy for educating. Common sense and reasons thereof In the current data and innovation setting the technique would confront certain appropriate difficulties that stream from the auxiliary and situational changes that have happened in the learning condition. For example, Students learning through electronic techniques possess little energy for the relational association with individual colleagues aside from in occasions where it is completely important. It would thusly be very hard to execute the technique in a virtual homeroom where understudies are remotely found. The strategy would anyway still work in the provincial and most current le arning condition where there the study hall set up still exists. It will anyway require certain appropriate change in its way of conveyance and execution to include increasingly present day ideas and analogies inside the technique.

Nigerian Human Rights - Free Essay Example

CHAPTER 1 1.1INTRODUCTION Human rights in most cases are discussed as synonyms with constitutional rights. This could be as a result of general conception is that every right can be enforced in law. The word à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"rightà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ means that to which an individual has a just and valid claim, whether it be land, a thing or the privilege of doing something. Thus, human rights are rights which all people (mankind) everywhere and mostly have by advantage of being mortal and coherent individual. These rights are characteristic in every mortal creature by advantage of his humanity. These rights hold a wide diversity of civil, political, economic, social, cultural, group unanimity and progressive claims which are considered indispensable to a significant actuality. While the constitution is a body of laws on the foundation of which a state (country) is governed. In Nigeria, the constitution is the highest law on the foundation of which the legitimacy of other laws is resolute. It is the grudnorm of the countryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s body of law.[1] Rights in the constitution are enforceable in agreement with the requirements of the constitution unlike common human rights some of which are not justifiable and constitute mere aspirations of the citizens. In kuti and ors v. A.G Federation[2] Oputa Jsc emphasized that: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã ¢â€ž ¢Not every civil or legal rights is fundamental rights. The model and notion of essential rights both derive from the premise of the unassailable rights of man-life, freedom and the pursuit of happiness. Developing nations with written constitutions have cherished in such constitutions some of the rudimentary human rights, to each right that is thus considered fundamental profoundly spelt out.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ Thus in Nigeria, those rights that are considered vital to human beings is itemized in chapter IV of the constitution of Federal Republic of Nigeria which was accepted on May 1999. The constitution is the basic and ultimate law of the country and any supplementary law varying with its requirements is negated to the degree of its inconsistency[3]. In chapter IV the constitution assures vital rights such as the right to life, admiration for self-esteem of the individual, as well as the sanction of torture, right to personal liberty, right to privacy, l iberty of thought, integrity and religion, freedom of appearance, liberty of association, liberty of movement, right to non-discrimination as well as the right to assets. It also offers a right to a remedy in law for any violations[4]. 1.2BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Based on the adoption of universal pronouncement of Human Rights and the incorporation of vital human rights in our constitution, basic fundamental human rights have been created and which should be respected by all men in the Nigerian society. Unfortunately, many people in our society face untold hardships day in day out because they are denied their basic rights which normally the constitution of Nigeria would enforce even though they are suspects but because they are unaware of these rights they are rarely or never claim them. However, those who are saddled with these responsibilities fail to do their work properly. In this respect, this thesis will discuss the basic rights of citizens in agreement with the 1999 con stitution of Nigerian and how such rights are infringed enforced and the challenges faced in the process of enforcement of human rights in Nigeria. 1.3AIM AND OBJECTIVES The fundamental human rights under the 1999 Nigerian constitution has one way or the other been infringed, which in some cases can be linked to citizens ignorant of their basic rights as provided for in the constitution. Therefore, the aim and objectives of this study is to state and expansiate the rights of the citizens and also the enforcement and challenges of such rights in accordance to chapter IV of the 1999 constitution. 1.4SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY Ignorance as is been said is a disease, Nigerians generally are ignorant of their legal rights despite the fact that it has been boldly written and spelt out in the constitution of the country. Most Nigerians suffer civil wrongs and let it get away without anything be done to it. This is as a result of lack of knowledge of their basic rights. Thus, the purpose of this thesis is to shed more light on the awareness of basic fundamental human rights of citizens in accordance to the provisions of the 1999 Nigerian constitution. These rights can be found in chapter IV of the constitution which states the rights of the citizens of Nigeria. 1.5SCOPE OF THE STUDY The topic of this thesis is The Fundamental Human Right in Nigeria under the chapter IV of the 1999 constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria. This thesis is however divided into five chapters; chapter one of this thesis is an introduction to the thesis and it comprises of the background, the aims and objectives, the significance and the structure of the thesis. Chapter two talks about the concepts of human rights, the historical development of human right in Nigeria and the distinction between human rights and fundamental human rights. Chapter three expatiates further on the provisions of chapter IV of the 1999 constitution which are civil and political rights, e conomic, social and cultural rights, the right to sustainable development, peace and a protected environment, the right of women, children and young persons. Chapter four surveys the enforcement of fundamental human rights i.e. Individual and Institutional enforcement of fundamental human rights of citizens and Boko haram. Then finally, chapter five summarizes the thesis, makes observations, conclusions and recommendations if any. 1.6STRUCTURE OF THE STUDY This thesis will adopt a mixture of analytical and historical approach. It will be analytical in the sense that there will be an exploration of what is termed as the existing law as it relates to fundamental human rights in Nigeria. This will include the use of statute books, the judgment of superior courts and English law which are applicable in Nigeria, such as the rules of common law, Doctrine of Equity and status of general applications in force in 1900. It will be historical in the sense that evolution of fundamental hu man rights traced back so as to know the reasons behind the evolution of these rights. Also, this thesis will make use of primary and secondary sources of law. Primary sources refer to; Administrative decisions and ruling, constitution,, Judicial reports. Managerial rules and regulations among others, while secondary sources refer to constitution, convention and documents, law dictionaries, periodicals source books of historical documentation. CHAPTER 2 2.1CONCEPT OF HUMAN RIGHTS Human right in the world today is the most widely talked about issue which cannot be taken lightly. The word à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Human Rightà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ is specifically qualified as civil or legal, absolute or inalienable and fundamental or universal right. Talking about inalienable right, conferring to the dictionary are rights in accordance to common law that canà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t be taken away, denied or transferred i.e. a right which is an integral part of an individual (human dignity) which cannot be taken away stricto-sensu[5] because the taking away of such rights would be tantamount to human degradement. In the case of Thomas others v. Timothy Olufosoye[6] it was held that; Literally,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢right à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"means an action or conduct which Is morally good according to the law. so, whoever keeps the Law does right and whoever violates the law is said to have done wrong. Also, human right is based on the adoption of natural law that posits that there are certain unchangeable rights that belongs to man everywhere and pertaining to manà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s security which should be secured and guaranteed to every person. Such rights are rights that naturally belongs to man simply because heà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s a man[7]. The basic human rights can be found in chapter IV of 1999 constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria[8], which includes all the basic rights i.e the right to life, right to personal liberty ,right to fair hearing etc as ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s seen in chapter IV as earlier stated. Also, there are international instruments on human rights which are: Magno à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å"carta petition of rights 1628; Bill of Rights 1689; Virginia Declaration of Rights 1776; French declaration of Rights of Man and of the Citizens 1789;American Declaration of Independence 1776; Universal Declaration of Human Rights and Freedom 1950 ;American Convention for the protection Human rights and liberty 1959; Written Constitution of several independent contemporary states and states liberated from colonialism; African charter on Human and peopleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s rights 1981[9]. In the case of West African Examination Council(WAEC) v OmodoLapo Yemisi Adeyanju[10]fundamental human right is described as a right guaranteed in the Nigerian Constitution and can be found entrenched in a particular chapter therein : chapter IV of the 1999 constitution on Federal Republic of Nigeria. Hum an Rights as defined by blackà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s law dictionary is somewhat that is due to an individual by just claim, legal guarantee, morality or ethics, legally implementable claim that another will or will not do to a specified act and a power privileged or immunity safeguarding a person by law[11]. According to Business dictionary,human rights are defined as fundamental rights which humans have by the element of being human, and that are neither spawned nor can be rescinded by any government[12].Also, according to John Locke (1632-1704)[13], human right was defined as ethical claims or prerogatives, to life, freedom, and property. The paramount known manifestation of human rights is the Virginia Declaration of Rights 1776 which declares that all mankind are by nature similarly free and independent and have positive characteristic rights, whereby, in the event that they enter a state of society, they canà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t, by any deny their posterity (fundamental rights). T he notion of human rights has become a global issue with the beliefs of democratic societies that every human regardless of sex are created equal meaning that they possess equal rights. It has been observed that opinions of people based on race, personal belief or social standing also affect the structure of how human rights that is to be accepted. This has however made the accomplishment of equal rights to remain a constant struggle and the legitimacy and of human rights continue to be the focus of discussion in values and politics. In furtherance, the notion of human rights has however been viewed in different aspects, that is political, sociological and philosophical perspectives. When we talk about socio-politically, it regards human rights as universal rights, or status irrespective of legal jurisdiction and other limiting factors, such as nationality and culture which are naturally conferred on human beings. (Wikipedia 2006). From my own perspective, human rights are rights that human beings are naturally entitled to. For instance, the right to liberty of speech, where every person has the right to express themselves in as much as it is not infringing other persons rights of family and private life whereby, when one person is trying to express himself and thereby intruding in another personà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s private matters through speech. Also, looking at the right to freedom of movement where every citizen is naturally entitled to move throughout a country freely and reside in any part of the country, and also right to dignity of person to mention but a few. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Philosophical perspective of human rightsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ There has been different theoretical approach towards the explanation of how human rights has turn out to be part of social expectations. According to Yusuf[14], he stated that the biological concept studies the related propagative benefit to human social conduct based on understand ing humanity in the perspective of natural selection. Other philosophies embrace that human rights classify ethical conduct, which is a human social invention established by a process of biological and social development, or as a sociological design of rule setting (the sociological theory of Weber). This approach according to à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Rawlsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ comprises the notion that those in a society agree to take rules from genuine authority in exchange for security and economic benefit. The natural theory is built on natural moral order which is based on religious precepts, i.e. it is assumed that everyone has mutual understanding of justice, or the belief that moral behavior is a set of accurately valid remedies. When we look into legend, literature, religion and political thoughts, justice becomes socially constructed over time into complete webs of socio interaction striving toward a social order in which human beings are treated fairly. However, some religious soci eties still tend to justify human rights through religious argument. In furtherance, the social evolution concept is based on human requirements and struggle that co-joins an analysis of the norm creation process. Here, constitutive process of authoritative decision making takes place such that the norms may take the form of law through a particular form of authoritative decision making of institutions associated with a legal system. Through this progress, culturally bound behaviours that are inconsistent with contemporary human rights are weed out thereby making culturally particular norms adopt to evolving human rights values as provided for in the constitution and also international instruments. 2.2HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN NIGERIA In Nigeria ,Human Rights came into effect with the advent of colonial rule. Initially in Nigeria, human rights and basic freedom were recognized in the habitual Nigerian societies. The idea of rights was not conceived in the moder n notion. Values such as right to family, kin and clan membership, autonomy of thoughts, speech, belief and association, right to reveal in private property and right to participate in authority of the affairs of the society were carefully guarded. In the northern part of Nigeria where the sharia legal scheme was firmly rooted, human rights and fundamental liberties were precisely secure and guaranteed in agreement with the tenets of Islam which integrity and fairness are in high esteem. Imperialism basically eroded traditional values and deprived Nigerians of political and economic rights. In 1922 restricted permission was introduced for the first time in Nigeria by the British colonial political rights in the pre- independence constitutions terminating in the Lyttleton constitution of 1954 through the Clifford constitution. By 1958, the British colonial government inaugurated a commission headed by Sir Henry Willink to look into the fear of domination of the minority groups and how the fear could be dispelled. This and several other factors led to the entrenchment of justifiable rights in the countryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s independence of 1960. In recent sense the creation of fundamental human rights in Nigeria could be traced to the 1960 Independence Constitution and those that followed it. Fundamental ideas and directive philosophies of state policy in chapter II [15]conjointly recognized Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. The basic aim of the protection of human rights provisions in our constitution was to create a society which guards political freedom as well as the social and commercial well-being of Nigerians. Regardless of Fundamental Rights and liberties in the Nigerian constitution since 1960, the country has had the adversity of military disruptions. This had profound and far-reaching effects on the promotion and protection of democratic values and fundamental freedoms among Nigerians. Before the emergence of democracy in Nigeria in 1999, successive military regimes systematically violated the rights of Nigerians claiming impunity. This ambiguous denial of human rights in Nigeria reached its peak between November 1994 and June 1998. The profound situation of human rights under this regime resulted in Nigeria becoming a pariah state at the international arena and the country was put on the agenda of the United Nations commission on human rights for the consecutive years. Nigerians, led by human civil society groups and professional bodies engaged the military in the struggle for a better society governed by constitutionalism, the rule of law, social justice and respect for human rights. This finally resulted in the 1999 constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria and the emergence of democracy and democratic institutions in 1999. 2.3THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN HUMAN RIGHT AND FUNDAMENTAL HUMAN RIGHT. There has been a question asked severally whether thereà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s really a difference between human right s and fundamental human rights. In Human right forum, part of the international law issues category, some stated that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢human rights are basic rights to which all humans have an entitlement. They are national and global in nature. On the opposite, fundamental rights are rights given to the people of a country by their constitution which are restricted to the country. Also, another stated that human rights are basically rights that are inherent to us i.e. rights that belong to us since we were born which nobody can impose restrictions on such right, while fundamental human rights are rights that are absolute and also rights that are being restricted. Another member also stated that human rights are entitlements one gets to enjoy once an individual is born. They are right to life and right to movement. Also Some human rights are considered as fundamental such as right to movement. The fact remains, fundamental rights have constraints, examples comprise l egal right like right to sue and to be sued economic rights such as right to fair wages. In my own opinion, fundamental human rights are rights that differentiate a citizen from a resident or a visitor. They are the basic rights necessary for your existence as a member of a particular state. They determine your relationship and responsibilities with the state and fellow citizens, residents and tourists including the confines of such relationships and duties. Human rights on the other hand are those inalienable rights that are possessed by human beings. Sometimes fundamental and human rights do overlap as the latter serves as foundation to the previous. The dispute of perspective cannot be detached in the determination of fundamental rights but human rights enjoy a sort of universal context. For instance the right to live is universal but the right to live in a state is fundamental according to the rules set up by the state to guide such right. However, fundamental rights are s imilar to human rights in a way but are different in the sense that they have legal sanction and can be enforceable in the law court. However, human rights donà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t require such holiness and canà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t be enforced in courts. Then there is difference of universal appeal because fundamental rights are country specific that have been made keeping in mind the history and culture of a country, however human rights are intended in such a way that they are even more basic in nature and apply to all human beings across the world without any discernment. The right to a noble human life is one such human right which cannot be questioned whether you are in us or in a poor African country. Also, according to Ignateiff[16], human rights itself concludes by bringing a moral obligation claim i.e. a deontological claim concerning that which we owe to human beings and which is also linked to a moral theory, and probably also to an anthropology[17]. A theory of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢fundamental rightsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ in contrast obliges us to focus more on that which is capable of enhancing and contributing to the existence of a society or to recommend them as that which could or should do so. This thus involves analyses which are expressed in moral obligation terms, but in ethical terms. [1]S.1 (3) 1999 constitution of Federal Republic of Nigeria. [2] (1985)8 NWLR (pt 6) 211 [3] Section 1(3) of the constitution [4]Article 46(1) of the constitution. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Any person who alleges that any of the provisions of this chapter has been is being or likely to be contravened in any state in relation to him may apply to a high court in that state for redress. [5] Strict sensu means in a narrow sense. [6] (1966) 1 ALL NLR 178 [7] Human rights in Nigeria P.1 [8]1999 constitution of Federal Republic of Nigeria. [9]Obaseki A.O the judiciary and human rights (1992) Nigerian Institute of International Affairs, Victoria Island, Lagos part 1. [10] (2008) ALL FWLR (Pt 428) p. 206,209 [11] Black laws dictionary seventh edition p.1323-1324 [12] Business dictionary .com [13] Scottish philosopher [14]Department of Arts and social sciences Education, University of Ilorin, Nigeria. [15] Chapter II of 1999 constitution of the Federal Republ ic of Nigeria [16]Ignateiff, Human Rights as politics and idolatry. [17] This deontological status is in turn understood in different ways. For example, in the sense proposed by Michael perry for human rights: identifying à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢what ought to be done and what ought not to be done for human beingsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢.( M. perry,The idea of Human Rights, oxford 1998,56)

Conservatism, By Moises Kaufman And The Tectonic Theater...

Conservatism, at its Best. Merriam-Webster defines change as â€Å"to become different†. It happens in different ways and for various reasons. It can alter people’s perceptions of the world and even define who they are, like the Emancipation Proclamation redefined the lives of millions of African-Americans. However, there are those who oppose it to preserve a detestable status quo. The play The Laramie Project by Moises Kaufman and the Tectonic Theater Project introduces some of those people who live in the quiet town of Laramie, Wyoming. It has been 18 years since the brutal murder of Matthew Shepard, a gay resident of Laramie. After that tragedy, has anything changed? One answer comes from Laramie resident Rebecca Hilliker who states in The†¦show more content†¦The ideologies that are the foundations of the US, like Christianity, are so ingrained in people’s beliefs that they can’t imagine others not following the same ideals and thus they respo nd harshly against all transgressions. As the TFP Student Action organization writes, gay marriage should be opposed because â€Å"It Violates Natural Law†(TFP Student Action). The fact that many Americans are so narrow-minded that they want to deny the happiness of others goes against the American values of living freely and our society needs to solve this problem before more Americans suffer. This prejudice evoked me to discover what people are doing to fight the discrimination associated with homosexuality. I was optimistic, at first, about finding people who want to change societal prejudice directed at homosexuals, since there had to be some souls who wished to change their community for the better. But, in my search, I found relatively few such people; one of them is Jonas Slonaker, a gay resident of Laramie. Slonaker is a pivotal character in the movement for change within the conservative structure of Laramie. His goal is to make Laramie and Wyoming come out of the Matthew Shepard case with something lasting, like legislation. As he says, â€Å"You know, it’s been a year since Matthew Shepard died, and they haven’t passed shit in Wyoming†¦ nobody anywhere, has passed any kind of laws†(Kaufman 97). Slonaker champions anti-discrimination

Literary Search Nursing - 746 Words

Literature Search This paper is about performing searches for peer-reviewed scholarly research articles using online data bases. Two articles are identified; one as a qualitative study and the other as a quantitative study. The first, Nursing care of prisoners: staff views and experiences (Powel, Harris, Condon, and Kemple, 2010) is a qualitative research study. This was recognized as a qualitative research study because it was based on feelings and views; not objective findings. Burns and Grove (2011) defines a qualitative research study as a systematic, subjective approach used to describe life experiences and situations and give them meaning (p. 20). The second article, Assessing Behavior and Social Competence of Severely†¦show more content†¦Burns Grove (2011) states, A research report often includes six parts: (1) Abstract, (2) Introduction, (3) Methods, (4) Results, (5) Discussion, and (6) References† (p. 55). Typically plain journal articles do not have the previously mentioned specific criteria present. The two selected articles are from the following journals: Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing and Journal of Advanced Nursing. These two journals are recognized as peer-reviewed or scholarly journals because the information was stated in each of the journals. In the first article, Nursing care of prisoners: staff views and experiences (Powel et al, 2010) the last page has an acknowledgement written with regard to the journal being peer-reviewed. This acknowledgement states, The Journal of Advanced Nursing (JAN) is an international, peer-reviewed, scientific journal (Powel et al, 2010, p. 1265). The second article, Assessing Behavior and Social Competence of Severely Emotionally Disturbed Youth Admitted to Psychiatric Residential Treatment (Groot, 2009) has a similar statement printed in the beginning of their journal stating only peer-reviewed articles are present in this journal. Conclusion In conclusion, three data bases were utilized to conduct a literature search for two peer-reviewed research articles; one qualitative research study and oneShow MoreRelatedPersonal And Professional Nursing Practice1749 Words   |  7 PagesClinical Question Paper The nursing profession is one that is ever changing. As a profession that is created and based upon scientific research, the way in which nursing care is delivered is continually being modified and altered to reflect the latest and most up-to-date evidence based research findings. However, not all research findings are going to be applicable or appropriate for integration into nursing care. Consequently, the ability for nurses to be able to interpret and understand theseRead MoreEvidence Based Practice1203 Words   |  5 PagesTherefore, nursing care has to be flexible. Not only does a nursing care plan depend on the needs of the patient at the time of admittance, but it also needs to be able to change when and if any obstacles come up during the treatment and recovery process. Ida Jean Orlando s Nursing Process openly addresses this need for flexibility and helps nurses focus on the patient rather than solely sticking to a nursing care plan no matter what. Petiprin states that à ¢â‚¬Å"According to Orlando, nursing is responsiveRead MoreAn Based Palliative Care Educational Program Essay1529 Words   |  7 Pages(ICU) setting (Moir, Roberts, Martz, Perry, Tivis, 2015). Hinton (1963) pointed out that not only patients dying from cancer experiencing great distress but also patients dying from non-cancer illnesses can benefit greatly from palliative care. A literary review of English health related, peer reviewed literature from 2010 to the present pertaining to studies on palliative care and health care providers’ knowledge about the subject was completed. Method of Review The literature review concentratedRead MoreEvidence Based Practice : An Imperative And Integral Part Of The Clinical Setting Upon Healthcare Professionals1194 Words   |  5 Pagesinnovators that are highly in favor of Evidence-based Practice; however, it is still worthwhile to consider both sides of the issue. This paper reflects on the c â€Æ' oncept of Evidence-Based Practice, the importance of the model, literary reviews of the model and the impact of it in nursing today. Topic Background Evidence-based practice, often abbreviated as EBP, is a professional model of clinical practice that is continually discussed and disputed among health care personnel. The denotation of the modelRead MoreLiterary Analysis of the Movie The Verdict Essay1357 Words   |  6 PagesLiterary Analysis: The Verdict Mandi Dersch Galen College of Nursing Literary Analysis: The Verdict People delegate important personal aspects of their lives to professionals, but not without the risks of unethical behaviors. The word Professional makes one think of wealth and power, which can result in corruption; winning by any means necessary. In the movie The Verdict, Frank Galvin plays a lawyer who has reduced himself to being a drunken ambulance chaser (Brown, Harris, Zanuck, amp;Read MoreEssay Frankenstein by Mary Shelley972 Words   |  4 Pagesborn on August 30, 1797, in London, England, of high literary stock. Her mom, Mary Wollstonecraft, was the author of A Vindication of the Rights of Woman. She died giving birth to Mary, placing her daughter in the care of her husband, William Godwin. Mary’s upbringing in this rarefied atmosphere exposed her at an early age to ideas of innovation and revelation, and it created useful connections for her to such as Lord Byron. Another of the literary types that Mary met as an adolescent was Percy ByssheRead MoreThe Feminist L iterary Criticism : Women s Struggle Against Evil And Masculine Forces Essay1671 Words   |  7 Pagesempowerment for women awaited still. Many women organizations sprouted to protect the rights for women. But the true freedom is assumed only when she is treated equally with men In literature, the feminist literary criticism has become one of the core concepts. The feminist literary criticism of today is the direct product of the women’s moment of the 1960’s. Even Before the women’s moment, the thought and action of feminism possess in the classical traditional books. They had diagnosed theRead MoreFifth Business: More Than Meets the Eye1058 Words   |  5 PagesFifth Business: More Than Meets The Eye Jeffery Soy Carl Jung’s literary archetypes determine the structure of literary works. In the novel Fifth Business, by Robertson Davies, many of Jung’s archetypes are reflected in the characters. These archetypes include the Eternal Boy, the Wise Old Man, the Hero, the Maiden, and the Persona. The characters of Boy Staunton, Dunny Ramsay, Paul Dempster, Mary Dempster, and Leola Cruikshank symbolize these archetypes and support the overall theme of appearanceRead MoreIdentity, By Toni Morrison s Sula1441 Words   |  6 Pagestheme in Toni Morrison’s Sula. Scholars discuss the different identities that the characters possess, but tend to fail to mention character development or lack of character development. Character development or lack thereof is usually an important literary move in most writing. This development provides a deeper understanding of characters in addition to a deeper understanding of themes throughout the literature. Sula focuses mainly on the lives of Sula and Nel, which makes tracking their characterRead MoreHuman Trafficking : An Evolving Global Phenomenon1719 Words   |  7 Pageswas presented in a different manner from one article to the next, but the information and topics were mirrored to present the reader with the same basic understanding of human trafficking. The similarity in information was helpful in conducting a literary review because the author’s views were similar. In the research that was found, I will be able to write the next draft with ease. I am now more educated on the global issue of human trafficking and can present the information with more knowledge

Hawkesbury Cabinets Pvt Ltd

Question: Discuss about theHawkesbury Cabinets PvtLtd. Answer: Introduction Operations administration alludes to the organization of business practices to make the most elevated amount of proficiency conceivable inside an association. It is worried with changing over materials and work into products and administrations as proficiently as could be allowed to boost the benefit of an association. In this given study we will be discussing about the operation strategy of Hawkesbury Cabinets Ptv Ltd and will highlight what are the latest technologies and process ey used to manufacture the kitchen cabinet. Overview of the Manufacturing System of the Company Hawkesbury Cabinets Ptv Ltd arranges as well as create exceptionally amassed kitchen cupboards. Hawkesbury Cabinets was built up in Mulgrave, Sydney in the year 2008 by kinfolk Fung and also by Mei Chen. Usually, Hawkesbury Cabinets had focused by and large on extraordinarily planned kitchens, with the customer guiding with Mei to develop an exceptional kitchen formed especially for the client's necessities. Hawkesbury Cabinets works a singular collecting office in Mulgrave, where both specific additionally, customary kitchen pantries is created (Nicholls, 2007). The association had at first set out to advantage the necessities of the creating Chinese social order in the Hawkesbury. As the reputation of the association got to be discernible, then again, Fung notwithstanding Mei found that their client base ended up being progressively more(Times, 2002). The cabinet making gear includes on a very basic level of great comprehensively valuable machines in order to give the versatility a nticipated that would making an expansive combination of extraordinarily made pantries. The assembling plant design has distinctive sorts of apparatus collected together. Saws and additionally the cutting tables are in one fragment, changes notwithstanding shapers in another, whilst machines and in addition diverse less as frequently as could be allowed used types of gear are maintained a strategic distance from the work region in their own region. There are furthermore a couple get together zones discovered purposely all through the plant. Painting and additionally finishing is done in a naturally controlled portion towards the back of the workplace. The way of Hawkesbury Cabinets' done things is held in high respect, and in addition reflects the way of the materials picked notwithstanding the craftsmanship of the individual pantry creators. Both the specific and additionally the general cabinets expected to follow taking care of time on the same equipment by the same craftspeople (Dodds, 1997). In a gist the specialized strategy which the Hawkesbury Cabinets Ptv Ltd used to deliver the kitchen is talked about beneath. Creating kitchen cabinets is complex methods that include various operations and additionally likewise require various aptitudes. Among the diverse operations Hawkesbury Cabinets Ptv Ltd picked three as the most illustrative: Molding: expounding of errands together with the process of apparatus. Sanding: droning errands together with tremendous sizeable movements Gathering: errands together with the exploitation of a variety of gadget in an assortment of work positions (Safety,Canadian Centre for Occupational Health , 2010). In this manner it can be finished up from the above examination that having an impeccable assembling framework with in fact prepared materials is thought to be as an important operation administration strategy. Effect of The New Builders Kitchen Line Over Hawkesbury Cabinets Works In the midst of the past couple of months, dealings of the makers' line of kitchens had reliably extended, heading to extra typical booking of this work. In any case, when booking trade offs must be made, the specific kitchens were always given need in perspective of the higher arrangements and additionally net incomes. Thus arranged clusters of standard agency parts were left relaxing around the assembling unit in various periods of finish. This augmentation in the volume of work in system had adjusted the officially open collecting zone into a modern office ceased up with generously completed work (Limited, 2011). The association clerk battled that general incomes were not what they should be. Costs associated with the standard designers' line were rising. An extending amount of assets was being occupied with crude materials account, works in procedure and additionally the last produced things. To suit the extended measure of stock, near to appropriation focus space was in the blin k of an eye being rented. Mei Chen was also stressed with extending lead times for both specific and in addition with the typical solicitations. This was realizing longer ensured transport times. The present operations structures were extending delivering capacity quite far, and additionally with the present arrangement, no territory was left in the assembling unit for expansion. Mei Chen picked that the time has looked for her notwithstanding her kin to research the general impact that the new line of standard engineers' kitchens was having on their working framework(Log, 2005). Hence it can be finished up from the above discourse that any sort of new operation may give a negative effect over the working of an organization. The maker for the most part relies on upon the standard method of generation framework, if any sort of new operation framework being presented than it may make issue for the makes to fabricate the item on time which not just gives a negative effect over the deals however will likewise give a negative effect over the operation administration capacity of an organization. Unreasonably various affiliations have tried to change themselves just to meet with dissatisfaction. A couple of associations did not grasp change tries until it was past the final turning point. Others didn't arrange notwithstanding complete the limit properly. Still others were looking for after the wrong kind of progress. The assumed changed associations have habitually failed to acclimate to client prerequisites and in addition haven't upgraded their strategies to meet rising forceful rules (Olugbode, 2008). Impact of the Process Over Company A productive flow of industry notwithstanding customer regard including activities is only possible with intense and additionally capable operations organization frames that extraordinarily perceive, plan for, orchestrate, screen notwithstanding control legitimate resources, and additionally engaged necessities alongside limits according to business area demand. In this way, as one of the key activities of business, operations should end up being more indispensable to 21st century associations, especially new and additionally creating associations going up against the additional objectives of the hypercompetitive notwithstanding rapidly developing business environment (McFarlane, 2014). As on account of this organization to be specific, Hawkesbury Cabinets Pty Ltd, it has been seen that in view of the presentation new manufacturer's kitchen the organization is confronting a few issues. At first the organization was in a decent position to produces its cupboard kitchen in an auspicious way. In any case, after the new presentation of the manufacturer's kitchen it adversely influenced the assembling procedure as well as the money related structure of the organization(Koones, 2007). As the association's reputation created and also the arrangements extended in any case, a couple low volume contracts had been set apart to supply little "spec" manufacturers with an extent of high gauge, yet standardized kitchen cabinetry. These understandings required Hawkesbury Cabinets to make a compelled extent of kitchen organizers in little gatherings. Bunch sizes stretched out from a lone kitchen up to five kitchens of similar points of interest. The client engineers constrained more stringent transport essentials and were altogether more esteem fragile than exceptionally planned kitchen buyers. Whilst the extraordinarily made cabinetry continued speaking to the greater part of the association's arrangements, the engineers' kitchens were ending up being continuously key. At this moment, the systematized kitchens spoke to 40 percent of plant volume and 25 percent of pay. Offers of custom kitchens stayed strong, and in addition offers of the makers' line were steadily growing. In any case, the association clerk battled that net incomes were not what they should be (Dyson, 2000). Conclusion Accordingly an extremely urgent point can be portrayed from this dialog that it is essential for any organization to coordinate the prerequisites of the whether utilizing an old or another method. In this way it will be proposed to Hawkesbury Cabinets to stick on the custom cupboard kitchen producing. References Dodds, J. M. (1997). Wood Kitchen Cabinet and Counter Top Manufacturing. Economic Census, 5(8), 1-38. Dyson, R. (2000). Strategy, Performance and Operational Researc. Journal of the Operational Research Society, 5(2), 1-9. Koones, S. (2007). Prefabulous: The House of Your Dreams, Delivered Fresh from the Factory. Taunton Press. Limited, A. W. (2011). Horizontal storage system TLF 211 . e Australian Woodworking Industry Suppliers Association Limited. Log, G. W. (2005). Tax-Free Parcels in Presque Isle County in Northeast Michiganq. Garritt Willey Handcrafted Log. McFarlane, D. A. (2014). The Challenges of Operations Management for Business Managers. International Journal of Logistics and Operation Management, 3(1), 16-29. Nicholls, D. L. (2007). Market Opportunities for Kitchen Cabinets Made From Alaska Hardwoods:A Synthesis and Review of Recent Research. United States Department of Agriculture. Olugbode, M. (2008). The Effect of Information Systems on Firm Performance and Profitability Using a Case-Study Approach. Electronic Journal Information Systems Evaluation, 11(1), 35-40. Safety,Canadian Centre for Occupational Health(2010). Cabinet Manufacturing. Retrieved August 12, 2016, from www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/occup_workplace/cab_manu.html Times, H. a. (2002). Who's who in Australia, Volumes 30-33; Volume 35. Herald and Weekly Times.